Lena stepped off the bus in February and stood in the soft snow at the edge of the valley. The vast agricultural district stretched below her, its frozen fields under a clean white sheet. Her objective was simple: to help her uncle and aunt rebuild the family coffee business. The flood had nearly destroyed that business. She was an engineer. After eleven years working abroad, she had come home to achieve an objective. Her Mom had always believed in that objective. Somewhere in her brain she had carried this plan, and now the actual work could begin.
二月的某天,莉娜走下公交车,站在谷地边缘柔软的雪地上。辽阔的农业区在她脚下铺展开来,冻结的田野覆盖着一层洁白如纸的雪。她的目标很简单:帮助叔叔和婶婶重建家族的咖啡生意。那场洪水几乎毁掉了这门生意。她是一名工程师。在国外工作了十一年后,她回到家乡,要实现一个目标。妈妈一直坚信这个目标。这个计划一直藏在她脑海深处的某个角落,如今真正的工作可以开始了。
- Lena:主语,人名,表示“莉娜”
- stepped off the bus:谓语,短语动词 stepped off 表示“走下”,the bus 作其宾语
- in February:时间状语,表示“在二月”
- and:并列连词,连接 stepped 和 stood 两个谓语动作
- stood:并列谓语,表示“站着”
- in the soft snow:地点状语,表示“在柔软的雪地上”
- at the edge of the valley:地点状语,修饰 in the soft snow,表示“在谷地边缘”
- The vast agricultural district:主语,表示“辽阔的农业区”
- stretched:谓语动词,不及物,表示“铺展开来”
- below her:地点状语,表示“在她脚下”
- its frozen fields under a clean white sheet:独立主格结构,作伴随状语;其中 under a clean white sheet 是介词短语作 fields 的补足语,表示“冻结的田野覆盖着一层洁白的雪”
- Her objective:主语,表示“她的目标”
- was:系动词,作谓语
- simple:表语,表示“简单”,冒号引出对目标的具体说明
- to help her uncle and aunt rebuild the family coffee business:同位语,解释说明 Her objective 的具体内容;其中 to help 是不定式,her uncle and aunt 是 help 的宾语,rebuild the family coffee business 是省略 to 的宾语补足语(help sb do sth 结构)
- The flood:主语,表示“那场洪水”
- had nearly destroyed:谓语,过去完成时,nearly 是程度状语,表示“几乎毁掉”
- that business:宾语,指代上文提到的家族咖啡生意
- She:主语
- was:系动词,作谓语
- an engineer:表语,表示“一名工程师”
- After eleven years working abroad:时间状语,表示“在国外工作了十一年之后”
- she:主语
- had come:谓语,过去完成时,表示“已经回到”
- home:地点状语(副词),表示“回家”
- to achieve an objective:目的状语,不定式短语;其中 achieve an objective 是固定搭配,表示“实现一个目标”
- Her Mom:主语,表示“她的妈妈”
- had always believed in:谓语,过去完成时,believe in 是短语动词,always 是频率状语,表示“一直坚信”
- that objective:宾语,表示“那个目标”
- Somewhere in her brain:地点状语,表示“在她脑海深处的某个角落”
- she:主语
- had carried:谓语,过去完成时,表示“一直揣着”
- this plan:宾语,表示“这个计划”
- and:并列连词,连接两个分句
- now:时间状语,表示“如今”
- the actual work:第二分句的主语
- could begin:谓语,情态动词 could 加动词 begin,表示“可以开始”
The flood had been brutal. It had torn a hole in the old bridge. It had scattered loose clothing across the yard and left the family deep in debt. Her uncle ran the only chain store in the district. He had watched the water burst through his warehouse door. "We lost almost everything," he told her, "but not the marriage of our son, and not our spirit." Her aunt added that the whole neighborhood had gathered like a mass of residents. That is what happens when a community must fight for its survival.
那场洪水来势凶猛。它把老桥撕开一个大洞。它把松散的衣物吹散到院子里,还让这个家庭深陷债务。她的叔叔经营着区里唯一的连锁店。他亲眼看着大水冲破了仓库的门。他告诉她:“我们几乎失去了一切,但没有失去儿子的婚姻,也没有失去我们的精神。”她的婶婶补充说,整个街区的人都像一大群居民那样聚集起来。当一个社区必须为生存而战时,人们就会这样做。
- The flood:主语,表示“那场洪水”
- had been:系动词,过去完成时,作谓语
- brutal:表语,表示“凶猛、残酷”
- It:主语,指代 the flood
- had torn:谓语,过去完成时,表示“撕开”
- a hole:宾语,表示“一个大洞”
- in the old bridge:地点状语,修饰 torn,表示“在老桥上”
- It:主语,指代 the flood
- had scattered:谓语,过去完成时,表示“吹散”
- loose clothing:宾语,表示“松散的衣物”
- across the yard:地点状语,表示“满院子”
- and:并列连词,连接 had scattered 和 left 两个谓语
- left:并列谓语,表示“使……陷入”
- the family:宾语,表示“这个家庭”
- deep in debt:宾语补足语,形容词短语,补充说明 the family 的状态,表示“深陷债务”
- Her uncle:主语,表示“她的叔叔”
- ran:谓语动词,表示“经营”
- the only chain store:宾语,chain store 是固定搭配,表示“唯一的连锁店”
- in the district:地点状语,表示“在区里”
- He:主语,指代 Her uncle
- had watched:谓语,过去完成时,表示“亲眼看着”
- the water:宾语,表示“大水”
- burst through his warehouse door:宾语补足语,省略 to 的不定式,补充说明 the water 的动作,表示“冲破他仓库的门”
- "We lost almost everything,":宾语,直接引语(前段),置于句首,是 told 的内容,表示“我们几乎失去了一切”
- he:主语
- told:谓语动词,表示“告诉”
- her:间接宾语,表示“对她”
- "but not the marriage of our son, and not our spirit.":宾语,直接引语(后段),继续作 told 的内容,表示“但没有失去儿子的婚姻,也没有失去我们的精神”
- Her aunt:主语,表示“她的婶婶”
- added:谓语动词,表示“补充说”
- that the whole neighborhood had gathered like a mass of residents:宾语从句,that 引导,作 added 的宾语;从句中 the whole neighborhood 是主语、had gathered 是谓语、like a mass of residents 是方式状语
- That:主语,指代上文所述聚集的情形
- is:系动词,作谓语
- what happens when a community must fight for its survival:表语从句,what 引导;其中 when a community must fight for its survival 是时间状语从句修饰 happens
The shop had once been the heart of the town. It was a pleasant little coffee house with a second branch near the river. On occasion it played host to poetry readings and small operas. But the flood had pushed it to the edge of collapse. Her uncle had financed the shop with a loan and a stake from a real estate investor. Now every financial incentive mattered, and they hoped to recover from the damage. The building code and the regulation about riverside construction were strict. They had to comply with regulations before a single brick could be laid.
这家店曾是镇上的心脏。它是一家宜人的小咖啡馆,在河边还有一家分店。偶尔它会举办诗歌朗诵会和小型歌剧演出。但洪水把它推到了崩溃的边缘。她的叔叔用一笔贷款和一位房地产投资人的股份为这家店融资。如今每一笔经济激励都至关重要,他们也希望从损失中恢复过来。建筑规范和关于河边建设的规章都很严格。在铺下第一块砖之前,他们必须遵守这些规定。
- The shop:主语,表示“这家店”
- had once been:系动词,过去完成时,once 是时间状语表示“曾经”
- the heart of the town:表语,表示“镇上的心脏”
- It:主语,指代 the shop
- was:系动词,作谓语
- a pleasant little coffee house with a second branch near the river:表语,其中 with a second branch near the river 是介词短语作后置定语修饰 house,表示“一家在河边还有分店的宜人小咖啡馆”
- On occasion:频率状语,表示“偶尔”
- it:主语,指代 the shop
- played host to:谓语,play host to 固定搭配,表示“主办、接待”
- poetry readings and small operas:宾语,表示“诗歌朗诵会和小型歌剧演出”
- But:转折连词,连接上下文,表示“但是”
- the flood:主语
- had pushed:谓语,过去完成时
- it:宾语,指代 the shop
- to the edge of collapse:宾语补足语(介词短语),补充说明 it 的处境,表示“到崩溃的边缘”
- Her uncle:主语
- had financed:谓语,过去完成时,表示“为……融资”
- the shop:宾语
- with a loan and a stake from a real estate investor:方式状语,表示“用一笔贷款和一位房地产投资人的股份”,其中 from a real estate investor 修饰 stake
- Now:时间状语,表示“如今”
- every financial incentive:主语,financial incentive 是固定搭配,表示“每一笔经济激励”
- mattered:谓语,不及物,表示“至关重要”
- and:并列连词,连接两个分句
- they:第二分句的主语
- hoped:谓语动词,表示“希望”
- to recover from the damage:宾语,不定式短语,其中 recover from 是固定搭配,表示“从损失中恢复过来”
- The building code and the regulation about riverside construction:主语,其中 about riverside construction 是介词短语作后置定语修饰 the regulation,表示“建筑规范和关于河边建设的规章”
- were:系动词,作谓语
- strict:表语,表示“严格”
- They:主语
- had to comply with:谓语,comply with 固定搭配,表示“必须遵守”
- regulations:宾语,表示“规定”
- before a single brick could be laid:时间状语从句,before 引导,表示“在铺下第一块砖之前”
Lena called a meeting of the residents and put a simple agenda on the table. An opinion poll showed that the public perception of the project was improving. She had conducted the poll the week before. Most people supported rebuilding the bridge. This was quite the opposite of what the critics had predicted. It was hard to stay objective. She spread a combination of maps and cost sheets across the table. "The core of our plan is clear," she said. "We will bridge the gap between the two sides of the valley, and we will guard against another flood by raising the road." Her uncle leaned forward, listening closely.
莉娜召集居民开了一次会,把一份简单的议程摆上桌面。一项民意调查显示,公众对这个项目的看法正在改善。这项调查是她一周前做的。大多数人支持重建这座桥。这与评论家们预测的恰恰相反。要保持客观并不容易。她把一叠地图和成本表摊在桌上。她说:“我们计划的核心很清楚,我们要弥合谷地两岸之间的差距,并通过加高道路来防范另一场洪水。”她的叔叔向前倾身,仔细听着。
- Lena:主语
- called:谓语动词,表示“召集”
- a meeting of the residents:宾语,其中 of the residents 修饰 meeting,表示“居民会议”
- and:并列连词,连接 called 和 put 两个谓语
- put:并列谓语,表示“摆上”
- a simple agenda:宾语,表示“一份简单的议程”
- on the table:地点状语,表示“在桌上”
- An opinion poll:主语,opinion poll 是固定搭配,表示“一项民意调查”
- showed:谓语动词,表示“显示”
- that the public perception of the project was improving:宾语从句,that 引导,作 showed 的宾语,表示“公众对这个项目的看法正在改善”
- She:主语
- had conducted:谓语,过去完成时,表示“做过”
- the poll:宾语,指代上文提到的民意调查
- the week before:时间状语,表示“一周前”
- Most people:主语,表示“大多数人”
- supported:谓语动词,表示“支持”
- rebuilding the bridge:宾语,动名词短语,表示“重建这座桥”
- This:主语,指代上文大多数人支持这件事
- was:系动词,作谓语
- quite the opposite of what the critics had predicted:表语,其中 quite the opposite 是固定搭配、what the critics had predicted 是 of 的宾语从句,表示“与评论家们预测的恰恰相反”
- It:形式主语
- was:系动词,作谓语
- hard:表语,表示“困难”
- to stay objective:真正主语,不定式短语,其中 objective 是形容词作表语,表示“保持客观”
- She:主语
- spread:谓语动词,表示“摊开”
- a combination of maps and cost sheets:宾语,表示“一叠地图和成本表”
- across the table:地点状语,表示“摊在桌上”
- "The core of our plan is clear,":宾语,直接引语,置于句首,是 said 的内容;其中 The core 是主语、is 是系动词、clear 是表语、of our plan 修饰 core
- she:主语
- said:谓语动词,表示“说”
- "We:主语(直接引语的开头,引号引出说话内容)
- will bridge:谓语动词,bridge 在此作动词,与 the gap 构成固定搭配 bridge the gap,表示“弥合差距”
- the gap:宾语,表示“差距”
- between the two sides of the valley:后置定语,修饰 the gap,表示“谷地两岸之间的”
- and:并列连词,连接两个分句
- we:第二分句的主语
- will guard against:谓语,guard against 固定搭配,表示“防范”
- another flood:宾语,表示“另一场洪水”
- by raising the road.":方式状语,by 加动名词,表示“通过加高道路”;引号在此收尾
- Her uncle:主语
- leaned forward:谓语动词 leaned 加方向状语 forward,表示“向前倾身”
- listening closely:伴随状语,现在分词短语,表示“仔细听着”
Not everyone agreed. A supporter of a rival plan rejected the proposal. He argued that the money should go to housing instead. Lena did not reject his concern outright, but she did reject the idea of waiting another year. She explained that the bridge would connect the district with the main road. It would also cut the rush hour nearly in half. She also promised to advise him to visit the site for himself. She had rarely seen such determination in one room. She believed the project deserved attention from the regional government.
并非所有人都同意。一个对立方案的支持者拒绝了这项提议。他认为这笔钱应该用于住房。莉娜没有全盘否定他的顾虑,但她确实否决了再等一年的想法。她解释说,这座桥将把该区与主干道连接起来。它还会使交通高峰时间几乎缩短一半。她还答应建议他亲自去工地看看。她很少在一间屋子里看到如此坚定的决心。她相信这个项目值得地区政府的关注。
- Not everyone:主语,表示“并非所有人”
- agreed:谓语动词,表示“同意”
- A supporter of a rival plan:主语,其中 of a rival plan 修饰 supporter,表示“一个对立方案的支持者”
- rejected:谓语动词,表示“拒绝”
- the proposal:宾语,reject a proposal 是固定搭配,表示“拒绝了这项提议”
- He:主语,指代上文那个支持者
- argued:谓语动词,表示“认为”
- that the money should go to housing instead:宾语从句,that 引导,作 argued 的宾语,表示“这笔钱应该用于住房”
- Lena:主语
- did not reject:谓语,否定形式,表示“没有否定”
- his concern:宾语,表示“他的顾虑”
- outright:状语,表示“全盘、彻底”
- but:转折连词,连接前后分句
- she:第二分句的主语
- did reject:谓语,did 起强调作用,表示“确实否决了”
- the idea of waiting another year:宾语,其中 of waiting another year 修饰 idea,表示“再等一年的想法”
- She:主语
- explained:谓语动词,表示“解释”
- that the bridge would connect the district with the main road:宾语从句,that 引导,作 explained 的宾语,表示“这座桥将把该区与主干道连接起来”
- It:主语,指代 the bridge
- would also cut:谓语,also 是状语,表示“还会缩短”
- the rush hour:宾语,rush hour 是固定搭配,表示“交通高峰时间”
- nearly in half:状语,表示“几乎一半”
- She:主语
- also:状语,表示“还、也”
- promised:谓语动词,表示“答应”
- to advise him to visit the site for himself:宾语,不定式短语,作 promised 的宾语;其中 advise him to visit the site 是 advise sb to do sth 结构,for himself 是状语表示“亲自”
- She:主语
- had rarely seen:谓语,过去完成时,rarely 是频率状语表示“很少”
- such determination:宾语,表示“如此坚定的决心”
- in one room:地点状语,表示“在一间屋子里”
- She:主语
- believed:谓语动词,表示“相信”
- the project deserved attention from the regional government:宾语从句(省略了 that),作 believed 的宾语,其中 deserve attention 是固定搭配,表示“这个项目值得地区政府的关注”
Her cousin Marco was a pilot in the air force. He offered to fly a small plane over the site. They could snap photographs from above. He had flown forty missions and knew the land well. From the air, Lena could see the agricultural plots in neat parallel rows and the river winding like a silver thread. "This is a combination of old and new," Marco said. "You have the belief of the farmers and the capacity of modern machines." She added his observations to her summary.
她的表兄马可是一名空军飞行员。他主动提出驾驶一架小飞机飞过工地上空。他们可以从空中拍些照片。他执行过四十次飞行任务,对这片土地非常熟悉。从空中,莉娜能看到农田排列成整齐的平行行列,河流像一根银线蜿蜒流淌。马可说:“这是旧与新的结合,你们拥有农民的信念,也拥有现代机器的能力。”她把他的观察补充进了自己的总结里。
- Her cousin Marco:主语,表示“她的表兄马可”
- was:系动词,作谓语
- a pilot in the air force:表语,其中 in the air force 修饰 pilot,表示“一名空军飞行员”
- He:主语,指代 Marco
- offered:谓语动词,表示“主动提出”
- to fly a small plane over the site:宾语,不定式短语,表示“驾驶一架小飞机飞过工地上空”
- They:主语,指代 Lena 和 Marco 他们
- could snap:谓语,情态动词 could 加动词 snap,表示“能拍”
- photographs:宾语,表示“照片”
- from above:地点状语,表示“从空中”
- He:主语
- had flown:谓语,过去完成时,表示“执行过(飞行任务)”
- forty missions:宾语,表示“四十次飞行任务”
- and:并列连词,连接 had flown 和 knew 两个谓语
- knew:并列谓语,表示“熟悉”
- the land:宾语,表示“这片土地”
- well:方式状语,表示“很好地、熟悉地”
- From the air:地点状语,表示“从空中”
- Lena:主语
- could see:谓语,表示“能看到”
- the agricultural plots in neat parallel rows:宾语,其中 in neat parallel rows 修饰 plots,表示“排列成整齐平行行列的农田”
- and:并列连词,连接两个并列宾语
- the river winding like a silver thread:并列宾语,其中 winding like a silver thread 是现在分词短语作 river 的宾语补足语,表示“河流像银线一样蜿蜒”
- "This is a combination of old and new,":宾语,直接引语,置于句首,是 said 的内容;其中 This 是主语、is 是系动词、a combination of old and new 是表语
- Marco:主语
- said:谓语动词,表示“说”
- "You:主语(直接引语的开头)
- have:谓语动词,表示“拥有”
- the belief of the farmers:宾语,表示“农民的信念”
- and:并列连词,连接两个并列宾语
- the capacity of modern machines.":并列宾语,表示“现代机器的能力”;引号在此收尾
- She:主语
- added:谓语动词,表示“补充”
- his observations:宾语,表示“他的观察”
- to her summary:方向状语,表示“到自己的总结里”
The town's approval process moved slowly and required extensive paperwork. Lena explained every detail, specifying the exact cost of each material. The mayor asked about the capacity of the new bridge and the complexity of the design. She answered with exact figures — forty meters long, to be exact. At last the committee gave its approval, and the news was met with applause. "This is quite the opposite of last year," her aunt said. "Last year they would have criticized everything." Lena felt a small burst of joy.
镇上的审批程序进展缓慢,需要大量的文书工作。莉娜详细解释了每一个细节,逐一说明了每种材料的确切成本。市长询问了新桥的承载能力和设计的复杂性。她用精确的数字作答——确切地说,长四十米。最终委员会批准了这项计划,消息传来时赢得了掌声。她的婶婶说:“这与去年截然相反,去年他们会把一切都批评一番。”莉娜感到一阵小小的喜悦。
- The town's approval process:主语,表示“镇上的审批程序”
- moved:谓语动词,不及物,表示“进展”
- slowly:方式状语,表示“缓慢地”
- and:并列连词,连接 moved 和 required 两个谓语
- required:并列谓语,表示“需要”
- extensive paperwork:宾语,表示“大量的文书工作”
- Lena:主语
- explained:谓语动词,表示“解释”
- every detail:宾语,表示“每一个细节”
- specifying the exact cost of each material:伴随状语,现在分词短语,表示“逐一说明每种材料的确切成本”
- The mayor:主语,表示“市长”
- asked:谓语动词,表示“询问”
- about the capacity of the new bridge and the complexity of the design:宾语(介词短语 about 作 asked 的宾语),其中 of the new bridge 修饰 capacity、of the design 修饰 complexity
- She:主语,指代 Lena
- answered:谓语动词,表示“作答”
- with exact figures:方式状语,表示“用精确的数字”
- — forty meters long, to be exact:插入语(破折号引出),补充说明 figures 的具体数值;其中 to be exact 是插入语表示“确切地说”
- At last:时间状语,表示“最终”
- the committee:主语,表示“委员会”
- gave:谓语动词,表示“给予”
- its approval:宾语,表示“批准”
- and:并列连词,连接两个分句
- the news:第二分句的主语,表示“这个消息”
- was met with applause:谓语,被动语态,表示“赢得了掌声”
- "This is quite the opposite of last year,":宾语,直接引语,置于句首,是 said 的内容;其中 This 是主语、is 是系动词、quite the opposite of last year 是表语
- her aunt:主语
- said:谓语动词,表示“说”
- "Last year:时间状语(直接引语的开头),表示“去年”
- they:主语
- would have criticized:谓语,虚拟语气,表示“他们会批评”
- everything.":宾语,表示“一切”;引号在此收尾
- Lena:主语
- felt:谓语动词,表示“感到”
- a small burst of joy:宾语,表示“一阵小小的喜悦”
Work began in March. The workers drove a long steel tube into the riverbed and poured concrete around it. Her uncle was nearly forty years older than the youngest crew member. He still worked at full capacity every day, mixing cement and hauling lumber across the yard. On occasion he would lean on his shovel and tell a tale about the old empire days. In those days the valley shipped grain across the ocean on a wooden vessel. The men loved his stories, and the tent by the river became their evening meeting place.
三月份工程动工了。工人们把一根长长的钢管打入河床,在它周围浇筑混凝土。她的叔叔比最年轻的工人大了将近四十岁。他仍然每天都满负荷地干活,搅拌水泥、把木材拖过院子。偶尔他会靠在铁锹上,讲一段关于旧帝国时代的故事。那时山谷用木船把粮食运过大洋。工人们喜欢他的故事,河边的帐篷成了他们傍晚聚会的地方。
- Work:主语,表示“工程”
- began:谓语动词,表示“开始”
- in March:时间状语,表示“在三月”
- The workers:主语,表示“工人们”
- drove:谓语动词,表示“打入”
- a long steel tube:宾语,表示“一根长长的钢管”
- into the riverbed:方向状语,表示“打进河床”
- and:并列连词,连接 drove 和 poured 两个谓语
- poured:并列谓语,表示“浇筑”
- concrete:宾语,表示“混凝土”
- around it:地点状语,表示“在它周围”
- Her uncle:主语,表示“她的叔叔”
- was:系动词,作谓语
- nearly forty years older than the youngest crew member:表语,形容词比较级短语,表示“比最年轻的工人大了将近四十岁”
- He:主语,指代 Her uncle
- still:状语,表示“仍然”
- worked:谓语动词,表示“干活”
- at full capacity:方式状语,at full capacity 固定搭配,表示“满负荷”
- every day:频率状语,表示“每天”
- mixing cement and hauling lumber across the yard:伴随状语,现在分词短语(mixing 和 hauling 两个并列动作),表示“搅拌水泥、把木材拖过院子”
- On occasion:频率状语,表示“偶尔”
- he:主语
- would lean:谓语,would 表示过去习惯,lean 表示“倚靠”
- on his shovel:地点状语,表示“靠在铁锹上”
- and:并列连词,连接 would lean 和 tell 两个谓语
- tell:并列谓语,表示“讲述”
- a tale about the old empire days:宾语,其中 about the old empire days 修饰 tale,表示“一个关于旧帝国时代的故事”
- In those days:时间状语,表示“在那些日子里”
- the valley:主语,表示“山谷”
- shipped:谓语动词,表示“运送”
- grain:宾语,表示“粮食”
- across the ocean:地点状语,表示“越过大洋”
- on a wooden vessel:方式状语,表示“用木船”
- The men:主语,表示“工人们”
- loved:谓语动词,表示“喜欢”
- his stories:宾语,表示“他的故事”
- and:并列连词,连接两个分句
- the tent by the river:第二分句的主语,其中 by the river 修饰 tent,表示“河边的帐篷”
- became:系动词,作谓语,表示“成为”
- their evening meeting place:表语,表示“他们傍晚聚会的地方”
One afternoon a sudden storm brought the whole site to a standstill. The temperature dropped to zero, and the river began to freeze along its banks. Lena ordered the crew to secure the scaffolding and to guard the tools against the wind. She watched a loose plank slip from a truck and slide across the ice. But no one was injured. It was a reminder that even the best preparation could not control the weather. She was glad her equipment was functional and her medicine box was full.
一天下午,一场突如其来的暴风雨让整个工地陷入停顿。气温降到零度,河面开始沿着岸边结冰。莉娜命令工人们加固脚手架,并把工具保护好以防风吹。她看着一块松动的木板从卡车上滑落,滑过冰面。但没有人在事故中受伤。这提醒她,即使准备得再充分也无法控制天气。她庆幸自己的设备还能正常使用,药箱也装得满满当当。
- One afternoon:时间状语,表示“一天下午”
- a sudden storm:主语,表示“一场突如其来的暴风雨”
- brought:谓语动词,表示“使……陷入”
- the whole site:宾语,表示“整个工地”
- to a standstill:宾语补足语(介词短语),补充说明 the whole site,表示“陷入停顿”
- The temperature:主语,表示“气温”
- dropped:谓语动词,表示“下降”
- to zero:状语,表示“降到零度”
- and:并列连词,连接两个分句
- the river:第二分句的主语,表示“河面”
- began:谓语动词,表示“开始”
- to freeze:宾语,不定式,作 began 的宾语,表示“结冰”
- along its banks:地点状语,表示“沿着岸边”
- Lena:主语
- ordered:谓语动词,表示“命令”
- the crew:宾语,表示“工人们”
- to secure the scaffolding:宾语补足语,不定式短语,order sb to do sth 结构,表示“加固脚手架”
- and:并列连词,连接两个并列的宾语补足语
- to guard the tools against the wind:并列宾语补足语,不定式短语,表示“把工具保护好以防风吹”
- She:主语
- watched:谓语动词,表示“看着”
- a loose plank:宾语,表示“一块松动的木板”
- slip from a truck and slide across the ice:宾语补足语,省略 to 的不定式(slip 和 slide 两个并列动作),补充说明 a loose plank 的动作,表示“从卡车上滑落、滑过冰面”
- But:转折连词,连接上下文
- no one:主语,表示“没有人”
- was injured:谓语,被动语态,表示“受伤”
- It:形式主语
- was:系动词,作谓语
- a reminder:表语,表示“一个提醒”
- that even the best preparation could not control the weather:同位语从句,that 引导,说明 reminder 的内容,表示“即使准备得再充分也无法控制天气”
- She:主语
- was glad:谓语(系表结构),表示“感到庆幸”
- her equipment was functional and her medicine box was full:原因状语从句(省略了 that),说明 glad 的原因,表示“她的设备还能正常使用、药箱也装得满满当当”
The storm passed. A local poet wrote a column criticizing the project. He claimed it would destroy the valley's charm. Lena responded calmly and highlighted the importance of protecting the community. She highlighted the fact that the old bridge had already collapsed twice in living memory. She did not want to highlight only the good news, nor to highlight only the bad. She admitted that the poet's words deserved attention. Public perception could still shape the future of the project.
暴风雨过去了。一位当地诗人写了一篇专栏批评这个项目。他声称它会毁掉山谷的魅力。莉娜平静地回应,并强调了保护社区的重要性。她强调说,老桥在人们的记忆中已经倒塌过两次。她不想只强调好消息,也不想只强调坏消息。她承认诗人的话值得关注。公众的看法仍可能左右这个项目的未来。
- The storm:主语,表示“暴风雨”
- passed:谓语动词,表示“过去”
- A local poet:主语,表示“一位当地诗人”
- wrote:谓语动词,表示“写”
- a column:宾语,表示“一篇专栏”
- criticizing the project:伴随状语(现在分词短语),修饰 wrote,表示“批评这个项目”
- He:主语,指代上文那位诗人
- claimed:谓语动词,表示“声称”
- it would destroy the valley's charm:宾语从句(省略了 that),作 claimed 的宾语,表示“它会毁掉山谷的魅力”
- Lena:主语
- responded:谓语动词,表示“回应”
- calmly:方式状语,表示“平静地”
- and:并列连词,连接 responded 和 highlighted 两个谓语
- highlighted:并列谓语,表示“强调”
- the importance of protecting the community:宾语,其中 of protecting the community 修饰 importance,表示“保护社区的重要性”
- She:主语
- highlighted:谓语动词,表示“强调”
- the fact that the old bridge had already collapsed twice in living memory:宾语,其中 that the old bridge had already collapsed twice in living memory 是同位语从句,说明 the fact 的内容,表示“老桥在人们的记忆中已经倒塌过两次”
- She:主语
- did not want:谓语,否定形式,表示“不想”
- to highlight only the good news:宾语,不定式短语,表示“只强调好消息”
- nor:并列连词,表示“也不”
- to highlight only the bad:并列宾语,不定式短语,表示“只强调坏消息”
- She:主语
- admitted:谓语动词,表示“承认”
- that the poet's words deserved attention:宾语从句,that 引导,作 admitted 的宾语,其中 deserve attention 是固定搭配,表示“诗人的话值得关注”
- Public perception:主语,public perception 是固定搭配,表示“公众的看法”
- could still shape:谓语,情态动词 could 加动词 shape,still 是状语,表示“仍可能左右”
- the future of the project:宾语,其中 of the project 修饰 future,表示“这个项目的未来”
To ease the tension, Lena invited the poet to a demonstration of the new design. She spread out the blueprints and pointed to a wide tube. The tube would carry rainwater safely beneath the road. "The exact position of every bolt is specified here," she said, "and the design is functional in three different ways." The poet asked a relevant question about the river's fish. Lena assured him the plan integrated a protected channel. He nodded, offered his support, and even apologized.
为了缓和紧张气氛,莉娜邀请那位诗人来看新设计的演示。她摊开蓝图,指着一根宽阔的管道。这根管道将把雨水安全地引到道路下方。她说:“每颗螺栓的确切位置都标在这里,而且这个设计有三种不同的功能。”诗人问了一个与河中鱼类相关的问题。莉娜向他保证,这个方案纳入了一条受保护的通道。他点点头,表示支持,甚至还道了歉。
- To ease the tension:目的状语,不定式短语,表示“为了缓和紧张气氛”
- Lena:主语
- invited:谓语动词,表示“邀请”
- the poet:宾语,表示“那位诗人”
- to a demonstration of the new design:状语(介词短语),表示“来看新设计的演示”
- She:主语
- spread out:谓语,短语动词,表示“摊开”
- the blueprints:宾语,表示“蓝图”
- and:并列连词,连接 spread out 和 pointed 两个谓语
- pointed:并列谓语,表示“指着”
- to a wide tube:状语(介词短语 to),表示“指着一根宽阔的管道”
- The tube:主语,表示“这根管道”
- would carry:谓语,表示“将引导”
- rainwater:宾语,表示“雨水”
- safely:方式状语,表示“安全地”
- beneath the road:地点状语,表示“到道路下方”
- "The exact position of every bolt is specified here,":宾语,直接引语(前段),置于句首,是 said 的内容,表示“每颗螺栓的确切位置都标在这里”
- she:主语
- said:谓语动词,表示“说”
- "and the design is functional in three different ways.":宾语,直接引语(后段),继续作 said 的内容,表示“而且这个设计有三种不同的功能”
- The poet:主语
- asked:谓语动词,表示“问”
- a relevant question about the river's fish:宾语,其中 about the river's fish 修饰 question,表示“一个与河中鱼类相关的问题”
- Lena:主语
- assured:谓语动词,表示“向……保证”
- him:间接宾语,表示“向他”
- the plan integrated a protected channel:宾语从句(省略了 that),作 assured 的直接宾语,表示“这个方案纳入了一条受保护的通道”
- He:主语
- nodded:谓语动词,表示“点头”
- offered:并列谓语,表示“提供、表示”
- his support:宾语,表示“他的支持”
- and:并列连词,连接三个谓语
- even:状语,表示“甚至”
- apologized:并列谓语,表示“道歉”
The marriage of Marco and his fiancee came in June, and the whole town gathered to celebrate. Lena's Mom flew in from abroad, and her aunt baked enough bread for a small army. It was a pleasant occasion. During the toast, Lena gave a short summary of the project and thanked everyone for their patience. "This bridge is a bond between neighbors," she said, "and I hope it forms a bond that outlives us all." Her uncle wiped his eyes with the back of his hand.
马可和他未婚妻的婚礼在六月举行,全镇的人都聚集起来庆祝。莉娜的妈妈从国外飞了回来,她的婶婶烤了足够一支小军队吃的面包。那是一个愉快的场合。在祝酒时,莉娜对项目做了简短的总结,并感谢大家的耐心。她说:“这座桥是邻里之间的纽带,我希望它能形成一条比我们所有人都长久的纽带。”她的叔叔用手背擦了擦眼睛。
- The marriage of Marco and his fiancee:主语,表示“马可和他未婚妻的婚礼”
- came:谓语动词,表示“举行”
- in June:时间状语,表示“在六月”
- and:并列连词,连接两个分句
- the whole town:第二分句的主语,表示“全镇的人”
- gathered:谓语动词,表示“聚集”
- to celebrate:目的状语,表示“来庆祝”
- Lena's Mom:主语,表示“莉娜的妈妈”
- flew in:谓语,短语动词,表示“飞回来”
- from abroad:地点状语,表示“从国外”
- and:并列连词,连接两个分句
- her aunt:第二分句的主语,表示“她的婶婶”
- baked:谓语动词,表示“烤”
- enough bread:宾语,表示“足够的面包”
- for a small army:状语,表示“足够一支小军队吃”
- It:主语
- was:系动词,作谓语
- a pleasant occasion:表语,表示“一个愉快的场合”
- During the toast:时间状语,表示“在祝酒时”
- Lena:主语
- gave:谓语动词,表示“做”
- a short summary of the project:宾语,表示“对项目的简短总结”
- and:并列连词,连接 gave 和 thanked 两个谓语
- thanked:并列谓语,表示“感谢”
- everyone:宾语,表示“大家”
- for their patience:原因状语,表示“为他们的耐心”
- "This bridge is a bond between neighbors,":宾语,直接引语(前段),置于句首,是 said 的内容;其中 This bridge 是主语、is 是系动词、a bond between neighbors 是表语
- she:主语
- said:谓语动词,表示“说”
- "and I hope it forms a bond that outlives us all.":宾语,直接引语(后段),继续作 said 的内容;其中 I 是主语、hope 是谓语、it forms a bond that outlives us all 是宾语从句、that outlives us all 是定语从句修饰 a bond
- Her uncle:主语,表示“她的叔叔”
- wiped:谓语动词,表示“擦”
- his eyes:宾语,表示“他的眼睛”
- with the back of his hand:方式状语,表示“用手背”
Finding accommodation for the out-of-town workers was a quiet challenge. But Lena managed it properly, renting suitable accommodation above the old shop. She put a strong emphasis on safety. She arrived each morning with the expectation that the river would stay calm. By midsummer the work had gone beyond every expectation. The crew did meet expectations, finishing weeks ahead of schedule. When the last beam was lowered, a great mass of people gathered on the riverbank. The mayor played host to the celebration. "Our strength is the diversity of our people," Lena told a reporter. "Every family gave a possession of its own to the fund, and that shared magic made the difference." The cultural diversity of the valley, she added, was what made it possible.
为外地工人安排住处是个安静的难题。但莉娜处理得当,在老店楼上租下了合适的住处。她把安全放在首位。她每天早晨都带着河流会保持平静的期望到达工地。到仲夏时,工程进展已经超出了所有人的预期。工人们也确实达到了预期,比计划提前好几个星期完工。当最后一根横梁落下时,一大群人聚集在河岸边。市长主办了这场庆祝活动。莉娜对一位记者说:“我们的力量在于我们人民的多样性,每个家庭都为基金捐出了自己的一件财物,正是这份共同的魔力带来了改变。”她补充说,正是山谷的文化多样性使之成为可能。
- Finding accommodation for the out-of-town workers:主语,动名词短语,表示“为外地工人安排住处”
- was:系动词,作谓语
- a quiet challenge:表语,表示“一个安静的难题”
- But:转折连词,连接上下文
- Lena:主语
- managed:谓语动词,表示“处理”
- it:宾语,指代安排住处这件事
- properly:方式状语,表示“妥善地”
- renting suitable accommodation above the old shop:伴随状语,现在分词短语,表示“在老店楼上租下合适的住处”
- She:主语
- put:谓语动词,表示“把……放在”
- a strong emphasis on safety:宾语,其中 on safety 修饰 emphasis,表示“对安全的强烈重视”
- She:主语
- arrived:谓语动词,表示“到达”
- each morning:频率状语,表示“每天早晨”
- with the expectation that the river would stay calm:伴随状语,其中 that the river would stay calm 是同位语从句,说明 expectation 的内容,表示“带着河流会保持平静的期望”
- By midsummer:时间状语,表示“到仲夏时”
- the work:主语,表示“工程”
- had gone:谓语,过去完成时,表示“已经进展到”
- beyond every expectation:状语,表示“超出所有人的预期”
- The crew:主语,表示“工人们”
- did meet:谓语,did 起强调作用,meet expectations 是固定搭配,表示“确实达到了预期”
- expectations:宾语,表示“预期”
- finishing weeks ahead of schedule:结果状语(现在分词短语),表示“比计划提前好几个星期完工”
- When the last beam was lowered:时间状语从句,When 引导,表示“当最后一根横梁落下时”
- a great mass of people:主语,表示“一大群人”
- gathered:谓语动词,表示“聚集”
- on the riverbank:地点状语,表示“在河岸边”
- The mayor:主语,表示“市长”
- played host to:谓语,play host to 固定搭配,表示“主办”
- the celebration:宾语,表示“这场庆祝活动”
- "Our strength is the diversity of our people,":宾语,直接引语,置于句首,是 told 的内容;其中 Our strength 是主语、is 是系动词、the diversity of our people 是表语
- Lena:主语
- told:谓语动词,表示“告诉”
- a reporter:间接宾语,表示“对一位记者”
- "Every family:主语(直接引语的开头),表示“每个家庭”
- gave:谓语动词,表示“捐出”
- a possession of its own:宾语,其中 of its own 修饰 possession,表示“自己的一件财物”
- to the fund:方向状语,表示“给基金”
- and:并列连词,连接两个分句
- that shared magic:第二分句的主语,表示“那份共同的魔力”
- made:谓语动词,表示“带来、造成”
- the difference.":宾语,make the difference 固定搭配,表示“带来改变”;引号在此收尾
- The cultural diversity of the valley:主语,表示“山谷的文化多样性”
- she added:插入语,表示“她补充说”
- was:系动词,作谓语
- what made it possible:表语,what 引导的名词性从句,表示“使之成为可能的东西”
On the last day, Lena stood on the new bridge and looked down at the water. The valley was green again, and the agricultural fields ran in long, parallel lines to the horizon. She thought of the unknown future and of the preparation that had brought them here. A small debt remained to repay. The shop still needed a new branch manager. But the town had recovered from the worst of it. She felt a deep sense of ownership in the finished structure, and every family in the valley shared that ownership. The mayor pressed the town's official seal onto the certificate, and together they signed it to seal the deal. Her aunt handed her a slip of paper with a cousin's address. He wanted to open a branch of the shop in the city. Lena folded the slip into her pocket. She smiled at how one small project had grown into a chain of new hopes. She felt no regret about the sacrifices she had made.
在最后一天,莉娜站在新桥上俯瞰水面。山谷又变绿了,农田排成长长的平行线一直延伸到地平线。她想到未知的未来,也想到把他们带到这里的那份准备。还有一小笔债务要偿还。店铺还需要一位新的分店经理。但这座小镇已经从最糟糕的境况中恢复过来。她对这座完工的建筑怀有深深的归属感,山谷里的每个家庭都共同拥有这份所有权。市长把镇上的官方印章盖在证书上,他们一起签下名字,敲定了这笔交易。她的婶婶递给她一张写着一位表兄地址的纸条。他想在城里开一家分店。莉娜把纸条折好放进口袋。她微笑着想到一个小小的项目如何长成了一条充满新希望的链。她对所做的一切牺牲毫无悔意。
- On the last day:时间状语,表示“在最后一天”
- Lena:主语
- stood:谓语动词,表示“站着”
- on the new bridge:地点状语,表示“在新桥上”
- and:并列连词,连接 stood 和 looked down 两个谓语
- looked down:并列谓语,短语动词,表示“向下看”
- at the water:状语(介词短语),表示“看水面”
- The valley:主语,表示“山谷”
- was:系动词,作谓语
- green again:表语,表示“又变绿了”
- and:并列连词,连接两个分句
- the agricultural fields:第二分句的主语,表示“农田”
- ran:谓语动词,表示“延伸”
- in long, parallel lines:方式状语,表示“排成长长的平行线”
- to the horizon:方向状语,表示“一直到地平线”
- She:主语
- thought of:谓语,短语动词,表示“想到”
- the unknown future:宾语,表示“未知的未来”
- and:并列连词,连接两个并列宾语
- of the preparation that had brought them here:并列宾语(介词短语 of...),其中 that had brought them here 是定语从句修饰 preparation,表示“把他们带到这里的那份准备”
- A small debt:主语,表示“一小笔债务”
- remained:谓语(系动词),表示“仍然存在、有待”
- to repay:状语(不定式短语),说明 remained 的方面,表示“要偿还”
- The shop:主语,表示“店铺”
- still:状语,表示“仍然”
- needed:谓语动词,表示“需要”
- a new branch manager:宾语,表示“一位新的分店经理”
- But:转折连词,连接上下文
- the town:主语,表示“小镇”
- had recovered:谓语,过去完成时,表示“已经恢复”
- from the worst of it:状语,recover from 固定搭配,表示“从最糟糕的境况中恢复过来”
- She:主语
- felt:谓语动词,表示“感到”
- a deep sense of ownership:宾语,表示“深深的归属感”
- in the finished structure:定语(介词短语),修饰 ownership,表示“对这座完工的建筑”
- and:并列连词,连接两个分句
- every family in the valley:第二分句的主语,其中 in the valley 修饰 family,表示“山谷里的每个家庭”
- shared:谓语动词,表示“共同拥有”
- that ownership:宾语,表示“那份所有权”
- The mayor:主语,表示“市长”
- pressed:谓语动词,表示“盖(章)”
- the town's official seal:宾语,表示“镇上的官方印章”
- onto the certificate:方向状语,表示“到证书上”
- and:并列连词,连接两个分句
- together:状语,表示“一起”
- they:第二分句的主语
- signed:谓语动词,表示“签署”
- it:宾语,指代 the certificate
- to seal the deal:目的状语,seal the deal 固定搭配,表示“敲定这笔交易”
- Her aunt:主语,表示“她的婶婶”
- handed:谓语动词,表示“递给”
- her:间接宾语,表示“给她”
- a slip of paper with a cousin's address:直接宾语,其中 with a cousin's address 修饰 paper,a slip of paper 是固定搭配,表示“一张写着一位表兄地址的纸条”
- He:主语,指代上文那位表兄
- wanted:谓语动词,表示“想”
- to open a branch of the shop in the city:宾语,不定式短语,作 wanted 的宾语,其中 open a branch 是固定搭配,表示“在城里开一家分店”
- Lena:主语
- folded:谓语动词,表示“折”
- the slip:宾语,表示“那张纸条”
- into her pocket:方向状语,表示“放进她的口袋”
- She:主语
- smiled:谓语动词,表示“微笑”
- at how one small project had grown into a chain of new hopes:状语(介词短语),其中 how one small project had grown into a chain of new hopes 是 at 的宾语从句,表示“想到一个小小的项目如何长成了一条充满新希望的链”
- She:主语
- felt:谓语动词,表示“感到”
- no regret:宾语,表示“毫无悔意”
- about the sacrifices she had made:定语(介词短语),修饰 regret;其中 she had made 是定语从句修饰 sacrifices,表示“对她所做的一切牺牲”
In September, as the work reached its peak, Lena finally let out a long sigh of relief. She had rarely been so tired. The mess of papers on her desk showed how hard the final weeks had been. A second opinion poll put public approval at a new high. The council voted to win approval for the remaining funds. For her part, Lena received an unexpected reward. Her firm offered her a promotion. She was glad to get a promotion that let her stay in the valley. The news was valuable in more ways than one. The crew of every gender had given her extensive training in patience. Their trust had been an incentive stronger than any bonus. The risk of failure now stood at nearly zero.
九月,随着工程达到顶峰,莉娜终于长长地舒了一口气。她很少这么疲惫。桌上的一堆文件说明最后几周有多艰难。第二次民意调查把公众支持率推到了新的高度。议会投票决定为剩余资金赢得批准。就莉娜而言,她得到了一份意外的回报。公司给她升了职。她很高兴这次晋升能让她留在山谷里。这个消息的价值不止一个方面。各个性别的工人们都给了她大量的耐心训练。他们的信任是比任何奖金都更强大的激励。如今失败的风险几乎降到了零。
- In September:时间状语,表示“在九月”
- as the work reached its peak:时间状语从句,as 引导,表示“随着工程达到顶峰”
- Lena:主语
- finally:状语,表示“终于”
- let out:谓语,短语动词,表示“发出”
- a long sigh of relief:宾语,表示“一声长长的如释重负的叹息”
- She:主语
- had rarely been:系动词,过去完成时,rarely 是频率状语表示“很少”
- so tired:表语,表示“如此疲惫”
- The mess of papers on her desk:主语,其中 on her desk 修饰 papers,表示“她桌上的一堆文件”
- showed:谓语动词,表示“表明”
- how hard the final weeks had been:宾语从句,how 引导,作 showed 的宾语,表示“最后几周有多艰难”
- A second opinion poll:主语,opinion poll 是固定搭配,表示“第二次民意调查”
- put:谓语动词,表示“把……置于”
- public approval:宾语,表示“公众支持率”
- at a new high:宾语补足语(介词短语),补充说明 public approval,表示“到新的高度”
- The council:主语,表示“议会”
- voted:谓语动词,表示“投票”
- to win approval for the remaining funds:目的状语(不定式短语),其中 win approval 是固定搭配,表示“为剩余资金赢得批准”
- For her part:状语,表示“就她而言”
- Lena:主语
- received:谓语动词,表示“得到”
- an unexpected reward:宾语,表示“一份意外的回报”
- Her firm:主语,表示“她的公司”
- offered:谓语动词,表示“给予”
- her:间接宾语,表示“她”
- a promotion:直接宾语,表示“一次晋升”
- She:主语
- was glad:谓语(系表结构),表示“很高兴”
- to get a promotion:状语(不定式短语),说明 glad 的原因,其中 get a promotion 是固定搭配,表示“获得晋升”
- that let her stay in the valley:定语从句,修饰 a promotion,表示“能让她留在山谷里的晋升”
- The news:主语,表示“这个消息”
- was:系动词,作谓语
- valuable:表语,表示“有价值”
- in more ways than one:状语,表示“不止一个方面”
- The crew of every gender:主语,其中 of every gender 修饰 crew,表示“各个性别的工人们”
- had given:谓语,过去完成时
- her:间接宾语,表示“给她”
- extensive training in patience:直接宾语,其中 in patience 修饰 training,表示“大量的耐心训练”
- Their trust:主语,表示“他们的信任”
- had been:系动词,过去完成时
- an incentive stronger than any bonus:表语,其中 stronger than any bonus 是后置定语修饰 incentive,表示“比任何奖金都更强大的激励”
- The risk of failure:主语,表示“失败的风险”
- now:时间状语,表示“如今”
- stood:系动词,作谓语,表示“处于”
- at nearly zero:表语,表示“几乎为零”
She thought about the complexity of everything they had built. She also thought about the simple belief that had carried them through. Her uncle joked that the bridge would still be standing. His nose would be full of snow in February. "Every engineer should learn to lean on the people around them," he said, "and to connect with a community before drawing a single line." Her old English teacher had taught her the pattern "advise sb to do sth." To manage a project properly, she would advise any young engineer. You must first recover the trust of the people. Guard that trust as your most precious possession. The collapse of the old bridge and the new safety regulation had taught the town that its people deserve a voice in every plan. The workers deserve more than quiet thanks. Her uncle's small estate by the river would stay in the family. His daughter had earned a qualification in management. Her cousin would need the same qualification to run the new shop. During the morning rush, drivers now crossed the river in a minute. Every one of them said hello as they passed. Before she left, Lena shouted hello across the new bridge. The word echoed back — a small magic of its own.
她想到他们所建造的一切的复杂性。她也想到支撑他们走过来的那份朴素的信念。她的叔叔开玩笑说,这座桥还会矗立在那里。到了二月份,他的鼻子里会灌满雪。他说:“每个工程师都应该学会依靠身边的人,并且在画下第一条线之前,先与一个社区建立联系。”她以前的英语老师教过她“建议某人做某事”这个句型。要妥善地管理一个项目,她会建议任何一位年轻工程师。你必须先重新赢得人民的信任。把这份信任当作你最宝贵的财富来守护。老桥的倒塌和新出台的安全规定让这座小镇明白,它的人民应该在每一项计划中拥有发言权。工人们也应该得到比一句轻声的感谢更多的东西。她叔叔在河边的小小产业会留在家族手里。他的女儿已经获得了管理方面的资格证书。她的表兄要经营新店也需要同样的资格。在早晨的高峰期,司机们现在一分钟就能过河。他们每个人经过时都会打招呼。离开之前,莉娜朝新桥对面喊了一声你好。这个词又回荡回来——这是属于它自己的一点小魔法。
- She:主语
- thought about:谓语,短语动词,表示“想到”
- the complexity of everything they had built:宾语,其中 they had built 是定语从句修饰 everything,表示“他们所建造的一切的复杂性”
- She:主语
- also:状语,表示“也”
- thought about:谓语,短语动词,表示“想到”
- the simple belief that had carried them through:宾语,其中 that had carried them through 是定语从句修饰 belief,表示“支撑他们走过来的那份朴素的信念”
- Her uncle:主语,表示“她的叔叔”
- joked:谓语动词,表示“开玩笑说”
- that the bridge would still be standing:宾语从句,that 引导,作 joked 的宾语,表示“这座桥还会矗立在那里”
- His nose:主语,表示“他的鼻子”
- would be:系动词,作谓语
- full of snow:表语,表示“灌满雪”
- in February:时间状语,表示“在二月”
- "Every engineer should learn to lean on the people around them,":宾语,直接引语(前段),置于句首,是 said 的内容,表示“每个工程师都应该学会依靠身边的人”
- he:主语
- said:谓语动词,表示“说”
- "and to connect with a community before drawing a single line.":宾语,直接引语(后段),继续作 said 的内容,表示“并且在画下第一条线之前先与一个社区建立联系”
- Her old English teacher:主语,表示“她以前的英语老师”
- had taught:谓语,过去完成时,表示“教过”
- her:间接宾语,表示“她”
- the pattern "advise sb to do sth.":直接宾语,其中引号内 "advise sb to do sth." 是 the pattern 的同位语,说明这个句型的具体内容
- To manage a project properly:目的状语,不定式短语,表示“要妥善地管理一个项目”
- she:主语
- would advise:谓语,表示“会建议”
- any young engineer:宾语,表示“任何一位年轻工程师”
- You:主语,表示“你”
- must first recover:谓语,情态动词 must 加动词 recover,first 是状语,表示“必须先重新赢得”
- the trust of the people:宾语,表示“人民的信任”
- Guard:谓语动词(祈使句),表示“守护”
- that trust:宾语,表示“那份信任”
- as your most precious possession:状语,表示“当作你最宝贵的财富”
- The collapse of the old bridge and the new safety regulation:主语,表示“老桥的倒塌和新出台的安全规定”
- had taught:谓语,过去完成时,表示“使……明白”
- the town:间接宾语,表示“这座小镇”
- that its people deserve a voice in every plan:宾语从句,that 引导,作 taught 的直接宾语,表示“它的人民应该在每一项计划中拥有发言权”
- The workers:主语,表示“工人们”
- deserve:谓语动词,表示“应该得到”
- more than quiet thanks:宾语,表示“比一句轻声的感谢更多的东西”
- Her uncle's small estate by the river:主语,其中 by the river 修饰 estate,表示“她叔叔在河边的小小产业”
- would stay:谓语,表示“会留在”
- in the family:地点状语,表示“在家族手里”
- His daughter:主语,表示“他的女儿”
- had earned:谓语,过去完成时,表示“已经获得”
- a qualification in management:宾语,其中 in management 修饰 qualification,表示“管理方面的资格证书”
- Her cousin:主语,表示“她的表兄”
- would need:谓语,表示“会需要”
- the same qualification:宾语,表示“同样的资格”
- to run the new shop:目的状语(不定式短语),表示“来经营新店”
- During the morning rush:时间状语,表示“在早晨的高峰期”
- drivers:主语,表示“司机们”
- now:时间状语,表示“如今”
- crossed:谓语动词,表示“过(河)”
- the river:宾语,表示“河”
- in a minute:时间状语,表示“一分钟内”
- Every one of them:主语,表示“他们每个人”
- said:谓语动词,表示“说”
- hello:宾语,表示“你好”
- as they passed:时间状语从句,as 引导,表示“经过时”
- Before she left:时间状语从句,before 引导,表示“在她离开之前”
- Lena:主语
- shouted:谓语动词,表示“喊”
- hello:宾语,表示“你好”
- across the new bridge:地点状语,表示“朝新桥对面”
- The word:主语,表示“这个词”
- echoed:谓语动词,表示“回荡”
- back:方向状语,表示“回来”
- — a small magic of its own:同位语(破折号引出),解释前面整件事,表示“这是属于它自己的一点小魔法”