知识库
先学知识点，再做题检验。当前：虚拟语气
01. 名词 (8个)
02. 冠词 (5个)
03. 代词 (4个)
04. 形容词与副词 (6个)
05. 介词 (6个)
06. 连词 (4个)
07. 动词时态 (19个)
08. 被动语态 (7个)
09. 情态动词 (4个)
10. 非谓语动词 (8个)
11. 定语从句 (7个)
12. 名词性从句 (8个)
13. 状语从句 (7个)
14. 虚拟语气 (5个)
15. 特殊句式 (8个)
16. 数词 (6个)
17. 直接引语与间接引语 (4个)
18. 句子成分与结构 (7个)
19. 构词法 (4个)
98. 张俊杰英语全语法体系（综合参考） (31个)
99. 英语全语法之简单原则 (12个)
条件句虚拟语气
混合虚拟与含蓄条件句
难度 3/3
混合时间虚拟（主句和从句时间不一致）
* 从句对过去假设 + 主句对现在：
If I had taken the medicine（过去）, I would feel better now（现在）.
* 从句对现在假设 + 主句对过去：
If he were more careful（现在）, he wouldn't have made that mistake（过去）.
but for / without / otherwise / or 的含蓄虚拟
* But for your help, I couldn't have finished.
(= If it hadn't been for your help...)
* Without water, life would be impossible.
(= If there were no water...)
* I was busy; otherwise, I would have come.
* I must run, or I'd be late.
if only / as if / as though
* If only（要是...就好了）：
If only I were younger!（对现在）
If only I had listened to you!（对过去后悔）
* as if/as though（好像）：
He talks as if he knew everything.（与现在相反→过去式）
He looked as if he had seen a ghost.（与过去相反→过完）
It's (high) time that + 过去式（该做...的时候了）
* It's time you went to bed.
* It's high time we took action.
* 注意区分：It's time to go.（不定式）
would rather + 从句用过去式（对现在/将来）/ 过完（对过去）
* I'd rather you didn't go.（对现在/将来）
* I'd rather you had told me the truth.（对过去）
wish / if only / as if 虚拟语气
难度 3/3
wish 的虚拟用法（常考）
* 与现在相反：wish + 过去式（be用were）
I wish I were rich.
I wish I knew the answer.
* 与过去相反：wish + had done / could have done
I wish I had studied harder.（后悔）
I wish I could have been there.（遗憾）
* 与将来相反：wish + would/could + do
I wish you would stop smoking.
I wish I could fly.
if only = 要是...就好了
* 与现在相反：If only I were younger!
* 与过去相反：If only I had listened to you!
* 与将来相反：If only he would come tomorrow!
as if / as though（好像）
* 可能性较大（陈述语气）：It looks as if it is going to rain.
* 与现在相反（过去式）：He talks as if he knew everything.
* 与过去相反（过去完成时）：He looked as if he had seen a ghost.
* 注意：很可能是真的时用陈述语气，不可能时用虚拟
would rather（宁愿）
* 主语自己：I'd rather stay home.
* 别人做（现在/将来）：I'd rather you didn't go.
* 别人做（过去）：I'd rather you had told me earlier.
had better（最好）
* 无时态变化：You'd better go now.
* 否定：You'd better not go.
* 注意：had better 后接动词原形，不是完成时
条件句虚拟语气
重点 难度 3/3
与现在相反
If + 过去式(were), 主 + would + do
If I were you, I would accept.
与过去相反
If + had done, 主 + would have done
If I had studied harder, I would have passed.
省略倒装
Had I known (= If I had known), I would have stayed.
if only
If only I were younger!（对现在）
If only I had listened!（对过去后悔）
名词从句虚拟语气
名词从句虚拟语气
重点 难度 2/3
建议/命令/要求等词后从句用 (should) + do
动词类
一坚持：insist
二命令：order, command
三建议：suggest, advise, recommend
四要求：demand, require, request
I suggest that he (should) see a doctor.
注意
insist表"坚持认为"不虚拟
形容词类
important, necessary, essential, vital
It is necessary that you (should) arrive on time.
虚拟语气的其他句型
难度 2/3
It is + 形容词 + that + (should) do
* 表示惊奇/建议/必要等感情色彩：
It is strange that he (should) be late.
It is surprising that she (should) say that.
It is natural that parents (should) love their children.
It is essential that everyone (should) be present.
It is a pity/shame that...（竟然）
* It is a pity that he (should) miss the opportunity.
* It is a shame that they (should) have quarreled.
* 这类句子中的should可译为"竟然"
in order that / for fear that / lest 从句的虚拟
* in order that + should/might + do：
He studied hard in order that he should pass.
* for fear that + should + do：
He locked the door for fear that he should be disturbed.
* lest + (should) + do：
He ran away lest he be caught.
动词 wish 的虚拟语气
* 对现在（过去式）：I wish I were a bird.
* 对过去（过完/情态+have done）：
I wish I had told the truth earlier.
* 对将来（would/could + do）：
I wish you would stay longer.