知识库
先学知识点，再做题检验。当前：特殊句式
01. 名词 (8个)
02. 冠词 (5个)
03. 代词 (4个)
04. 形容词与副词 (6个)
05. 介词 (6个)
06. 连词 (4个)
07. 动词时态 (19个)
08. 被动语态 (7个)
09. 情态动词 (4个)
10. 非谓语动词 (8个)
11. 定语从句 (7个)
12. 名词性从句 (8个)
13. 状语从句 (7个)
14. 虚拟语气 (5个)
15. 特殊句式 (8个)
16. 数词 (6个)
17. 直接引语与间接引语 (4个)
18. 句子成分与结构 (7个)
19. 构词法 (4个)
98. 张俊杰英语全语法体系（综合参考） (31个)
99. 英语全语法之简单原则 (12个)
倒装句
倒装
重点 难度 3/3
全部倒装
Here comes the bus.（主语是名词）
Here he comes.（主语是代词不倒装）
部分倒装-否定词放句首
Never have I seen such beauty.
Seldom does he go out.
Not until I got home did I realize.
Hardly had I left when it rained.
only+状语放句首倒装
Only in this way can we succeed.
as/though让步倒装
Tired as he was, he kept working.
So/Neither表"也是/也不是"
I like it. So does he.
完全倒装与so/neither/nor倒装
难度 3/3
完全倒装（主谓全倒）
状语提前 + 谓语 + 主语（主语是名词）：
* Here comes the bus.
* There goes the bell.
* In the corner sat a little girl.
* On the table were some books.
* Out rushed the children.
注意：主语是代词时不倒装：
* Here he comes.（✓） Here comes he.（✗）
* There it is.（✓） There is it.（✗）
so / neither / nor 的倒装（"也是/也不是"）
* 肯定：so + 助动词 + 主语
I like it. So does he.（他也是）
* 否定：neither/nor + 助动词 + 主语
I don't like it. Neither does he.（他也不是）
I can't swim. Nor can I.
So + 主语 + 助动词 表"确实如此"（不倒装）
* "It's cold." "So it is."（确实很冷）
* "He passed the exam." "So he did."（他确实通过了）
* 区别：So does he（他也是）/ So he does（他确实如此）
not only...but also 的倒装
* Not only did he come, but he also brought gifts.
* Not only is she smart, but she is also hardworking.
* 注意：not only 部分倒装，but also 部分正常语序
not until 的倒装
* Not until I got home did I realize I lost my keys.
* Not until you told me did I understand the truth.
反意疑问句全攻略
难度 2/3
反意疑问句的基本规则
前肯后否 / 前否后肯 / 前后时态一致
特殊情况（常考）
* I am..., aren't I?（不说amn't I）
* Let's..., shall we?（表建议）
Let us..., will you?（表请求 听话人不包括说话人）
* 祈使句的反疑：
Open the door, will you? / won't you?
Don't do that, will you?
* everything/nothing/anything + 单数：
Everything is ready, isn't it?
Nothing is wrong, is it?
* everybody/everyone + 复数（口语）：
Everyone is here, aren't they?（＝is he or she－they）
Somebody called, didn't they?
主从复合句的反疑
* I think/believe/suppose + 从句，与从句一致：
I think he is right, isn't he?
I don't think he is right, is he?
I believe she can do it, can't she?
* 其他主从复合句与主句一致：
He said that she was coming, didn't he?
She knows who I am, doesn't she?
含有否定词的反疑
never, seldom, hardly, rarely, little, few, nothing, nobody
这些词本身有否定意义，后面用肯定尾句：
* He never smokes, does he?
* She hardly knows me, does she?
* There is little water, is there?
强调句与省略
强调句与省略
难度 2/3
强调句
It is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 其他
* It was yesterday that I met him.
* It was Tom that/who I met.
诊断：去掉It is...that后句子仍完整
省略
* 状语从句省略：When (it is) heated, water becomes steam.
* 不定式省略：I want to go, but you don't have to (go).
it 强调句与定语从句的区别
难度 2/3
it 强调句 vs 主语从句的区别
去掉 It is/was...that...后看是否完整：
* It was yesterday that I met him.
去掉后：Yesterday I met him.（完整→强调句）
* It is clear that he is right.
去掉后：Clear he is right.（不完整→主语从句）
强调句的特殊形式
* 强调 not...until 结构：
I didn't know until you told me.
→ It was not until you told me that I knew.
* 强调疑问词：
What was it that made you cry?
Who was it that called you?
When was it that you arrived?
省略句——状语从句的省略
当从句主语与主句一致且谓语含be时：
* While (I was) walking, I saw a bird.
* When (it is) heated, water becomes steam.
* If (you are) in doubt, ask me.
* Though (he is) young, he works hard.
* Once (it is) published, the book became a bestseller.
省略句——不定式的省略
重复的动词可省略，但to保留：
* Would you like to come? — Yes, I'd like to.
* He can swim, but I can't.
* I wanted to go, but I didn't have time to.(
主谓一致
主谓一致
重点 难度 2/3
语法一致
单数主语→单数谓语
意义一致
集合名词整体→单数，个体→复数
时间/金钱/距离→单数：Ten dollars is enough.
学科名(physics/news)→单数
就近原则
either...or / neither...nor / not only...but also
谓语与最近的主语一致
Either you or he is wrong.
常考点
* a number of（许多）+复数动词
* the number of（...的数量）+单数动词
主谓一致的特殊情况
难度 2/3
不定代词作主语
* each/every + 单数名词 + 单数谓语
Each student has a book.
* one of + 复数名词 + 单数谓语
One of the students is late.
* neither/either + of + 复数名词 + 单数谓语（正式）
Neither of the answers is correct.
* none of + 复数名词 + 单/复数均可
None of the students has/have passed.
a number of / the number of
* A number of + 复数名词 + 复数谓语（许多）
A number of students are waiting.
* The number of + 复数名词 + 单数谓语（...的数量）
The number of students is 50.
more than one / many a + 单数
* More than one student has passed the exam.
* Many a man has tried but failed.
* 虽然意思上是复数，但语法上用单数
分数/百分数 + of + 名词
* 谓语与of后的名词一致：
Two-thirds of the work is done.
Two-thirds of the students are girls.
About 70% of the earth is covered with water.
70% of the teachers are women.
the + 形容词 表一类人 → 复数
The rich are getting richer.
The poor need help and support.
The young are full of energy.
The elderly are taken care of in this community.
The wounded were sent to the hospital.
a pair of / a series of + 名词
* A pair of shoes is on the floor.（整体→单数）
* Two pairs of shoes are on the floor.
* A series of lectures is scheduled.（系列→单数）
倒装句与常考句式
难度 3/3
否定副词/短语放句首的倒装（常考）
* Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.
* Rarely does he go to the cinema.
* Seldom is he late for work.
* Little did I know what would happen.
* Nowhere can you find a better place.
Not only...but also... 倒装
* Not only did he come, but he also brought gifts.
* Not only is she smart, but she is also hardworking.
* 注意：not only 部分倒装，but also 部分正常语序
Not until 倒装
* Not until I got home did I realize I lost my keys.
* Not until you told me did I understand.
* 注意：not until 在句首时主句倒装，until从句不倒装
So...that / Such...that 倒装
* So fast did he run that no one could catch him.
* So beautiful is the scenery that I couldn't move.
* Such a great man was he that everyone admired him.
Only + 状语放句首倒装
* Only then did I understand the truth.
* Only in this way can we succeed.
* Only when you grow up will you understand.
* only + 主语时不倒装：Only he knows the answer.